Member-states
of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) agreed on revisions to the
global treaty governing the use of the radio frequency spectrum, both on Earth
and in space, at the close of the World Radiocommunication Conference 2023
(WRC-23) in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
The
agreement on updates to the Radio Regulations identified new spectrum resources
to support technological innovation, deepen global connectivity, increase
access to and equitable use of space-based radio resources, and enhance safety
at sea, in the air, and on land.
ITU
Secretary-General, Doreen Bogdan-Martin, said: “WRC-23 puts the world on a
solid path towards a more connected, sustainable, equitable and inclusive
digital future for all. Key regulatory achievements on spectrum for space,
science and terrestrial radio services build on the momentum of ITU's ongoing
work to achieve universal connectivity and sustainable digital
transformation."
A
total of 151?-member states signed the WRC-23 Final Acts. The Final Acts
constitute a record of the decisions taken at the conference including both the
new and revised provisions of the Radio Regulations, all Appendices, and the
new and revised Resolutions and ITU-R Recommendations incorporated by reference
into the treaty by the conference.
Director
of the ITU Radiocommunication Bureau, Mario Maniewicz, said: “The agreements
reached at WRC-23 are a testament to the unwavering spirit of cooperation and
compromise among all of our members. Navigating the complexities of spectrum
sharing to update the Radio Regulations has helped us forge a path that
provides a stable, predictable regulatory environment essential for the
development of innovative radiocommunication services for all."
Among
the decisions, WRC-23 identified spectrum for International Mobile
Telecommunications (IMT), which will be crucial for expanding broadband
connectivity and developing IMT mobile services, also known as 4G, 5G and, in
the future, 6G. That new spectrum includes the 3 300-3 400 megahertz (MHz), 3
600-3 800 MHz, 4 800-4 990 MHz and 6 425-7 125 MHz frequency bands in various
countries and regions.
WRC-23
also identified the 2 GHz and 2.6 GHz bands for using high-altitude platform
stations as IMT base stations (HIBS) and established regulations for their
operations. This technology offers a new platform to provide mobile broadband
with minimal infrastructure using the same frequencies and devices as IMT
mobile networks. HIBS can contribute to bridging the digital divide in remote
and rural areas and maintain connectivity during disasters.
For
non-geostationary fixed-satellite service Earth Stations in Motion (ESIMs), the
conference identified new frequencies to deliver high-speed broadband onboard
aircraft, vessels, trains, and vehicles. These satellite services are also
critical following disasters where local communication infrastructure is
damaged or destroyed.
Provisions
were included to protect ship and aircraft mobile service stations located in
international airspace and waters from other stations within national
territories.
To
support the modernization of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System
(GMDSS), WRC-23 took regulatory actions including the implementation of
e-navigation systems to enhance distress and safety communications at sea.
The
conference provisionally recognized the BeiDou Satellite Messaging Service
System for GMDSS use, subject to successful completion of coordination with the
existing networks and elimination of interference.
The
WRC-23 negotiations were led by conference Chair, H.E. Eng. Mohammed Al Ramsi
from the United Arab Emirates with assistance from six committee chairs: Basebi
Mosinyi (Botswana); Cindy Cook (Canada); Hiroyuki Atarashi (Japan); Anna
Marklund (Sweden); Abdouramane El Hadjar (Cameroon); and Christian Rissone
(France).
The
conference, which took place in Dubai from 20 November to 15 December, was
hosted by the Telecommunications and Digital Government Regulatory Authority
(TDRA) of the UAE.
Chair
of WRC-23 and Deputy Director-General for the Telecommunication Sector of TDRA,
Al Ramsi, said: “Across the globe, numerous
countries, institutions, and companies eagerly anticipate the outcomes of this
conference. We have emerged from this conference with significant results that
contribute to the advancement of numerous radio services, serving the interests
of countries, societies, and humanity at large."
Overall,
WRC-23 approved 43 new resolutions, revised 56 existing ones, and suppressed 33
resolutions. Other key WRC-23 outcomes include:
Allocation
of additional frequencies for passive Earth exploration satellite services to
enable advanced ice cloud measurements for better weather forecasting and
climate monitoring.
Allocation
of new frequencies to the aviation industry for aeronautical mobile satellite
services (117.975-137 MHz). The new service will enhance bi-directional
communication via non-GSO satellite systems for pilots and air traffic
controllers everywhere, especially over oceanic and remote areas.
Allocation
of the bands 15.41-15.7 GHz and 22-22.2 gigahertz (GHz) in Radio Regulations
Region 1 and some Region 3 countries to the aeronautical mobile service for
non-safety aeronautical applications. This will enable aircraft, helicopters,
and drones to carry sophisticated aeronautical digital equipment for purposes
such as surveillance, monitoring, mapping, and filming, and have the capacity
to transfer large data from these applications using wideband radio links.
Adoption
of regulatory actions for the provision of inter-satellite links; This will
allow data to be made available in near-real time, enhancing the availability
and value of instrument data for low-latency applications such as weather
forecasting and disaster risk reduction.
Endorsement
of the decision by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) to
adopt Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) as the de facto time standard by 2035, with the possibility to extend the
deadline to 2040 in cases where existing equipment cannot be replaced earlier.
Recognition
of the importance of space weather observation in a new Resolution and a new
Article in the Radio Regulations to recognize the operation of space weather
sensors as part of the meteorological?? aid service to observe space weather
phenomena including solar flares, solar radiation and geomagnetic storms which
can interfere with radiocommunication services including satellites, mobile
phone services and navigation systems.
Approval
of a recommendation by the Radio Regulations Board to allow 41 countries to
acquire new and usable orbital resources for satellite broadcasting. The
countries were unable to use their assigned orbital slots in recent years due
to factors such as lack of coordination and interference from other satellite
networks. The decision aims to enable countries to implement subregional
satellite systems.
To
prepare for future world radiocommunication conferences, the WRC-23 also
adopted several resolutions that mandate the ITU Radiocommunication Sector
Study Groups to undertake studies on specified topics that include:
Possible
new or modified space research service (space-to-space) allocations for future
development of communications on the lunar surface, and between lunar orbit and
the lunar surface.
The
development of regulatory measures to limit the unauthorized operations of
non-geostationary-satellite orbit (non-GSO) earth stations in the
fixed-satellite service (FSS) and mobile-satellite service (MSS).
Technical
and regulatory measures for fixed satellite systems (FSS) while taking into
account the specific needs of developing countries including the need for
equitable access to the relevant frequency bands.
Technical
and regulatory provisions necessary to protect radio astronomy operating in
specific Radio Quiet Zones from radio-frequency interference caused by systems
in the non-geostationary-satellite orbit.
Possible
new allocations to the mobile-satellite service for direct connectivity between
space stations and mobile user equipment to complement terrestrial mobile
network coverage.
Spectrum
needs and appropriate protection criteria for space weather sensors.
Potential
new frequency allocations and regulatory actions for future development of
low-data-rate non-geostationary mobile-satellite systems (small satellites).
Identification
of measures to facilitate the operation of earth stations on board unmanned
aircraft, including identification of suitable frequency bands to decide on the
appropriate course of action to be taken in 2031 (WRC-31).
WRC-23
also approved the agenda items for the next World Radiocommunication Conference
(WRC-27) and the provisional agenda for WRC-31.
Over
3,900 delegates from 163-member states attended WRC-23, including 88
?ministerial-level participants. Women made up 22 per cent of all WRC-23
delegates, an increase from 18? per cent at WRC-19 in 2019.
Leave Comments